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Integrate x^m (d + e x^2)^p times an inverse trigonometric function by parts - #1973

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a-power-of-x-over-a-power-of-a-quadratic-times-an-inverse-trigonometric-function
Oct 20, 2026
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a-power-of-x-over-a-power-of-a-quadratic-times-an-inverse-trigonometric-function

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x^m (d + e x^2)^p (a + b F(c x)), with F an inverse trigonometric function and m + 2p + 3 = 0, is integrated by parts. It is taken against the antiderivative of x^m (d + e x^2)^p that is a single term, v = x^(m + 1) (d + e x^2)^(p + 1)/(d (m + 1)). The integral is then v (a + b F(c x)) - b ∫ v F(c x)', and F(c x)' is algebraic.

Measured on 8a1ef454, branch against master:

Run Problems Master Branch
Pocket: Rubi's 5.x 1,774 1,751 solved 1,754 solved
Family 1, 40 a file 1,381 1,362 1,362
Family 0, whole 1,814 1,789 1,789
Families 2 to 8, sampled 2,410 2,362 2,363

Re-run alone on both builds, 4 problems go from timed out to answered, in 33–800 ms: Rubi's 5.1.4:789, 5.3.4:1399, 5.5.1:144 and 5.6.1:149. None goes the other way. One problem that master answered at 24 s timed out on the branch in the pocket (5.3.6:227); it sits at the edge of the budget and is not among the moves re-run alone. No run had a wrong answer.

APowerOfXOverAPowerOfAQuadraticTimesAnInverseTrigonometricFunctionByPartsIntegralTest differentiates the answers back. BREAKING-CHANGES.md has the entry, with the 2.5.0 column measured on v2.5.0.

Part of #233.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura

…y parts

x^m (d + e x^2)^p (a + b F(c x)), with F an inverse trigonometric function and
m + 2p + 3 = 0, is integrated by parts against the antiderivative of
x^m (d + e x^2)^p that is one term, v = x^(m + 1) (d + e x^2)^(p + 1)/(d (m + 1)):
the integral is v (a + b F(c x)) - b ∫ v F(c x)', and F(c x)' is algebraic.
Rubi's 5.1.4:789, 5.3.4:1399, 5.5.1:144 and 5.6.1:149 were past the budget.

Part of #233.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura
@Rafael-SOWNet Rafael-SOWNet added this to the 2.6.0 milestone Oct 20, 2026
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Rafael-SOWNet merged commit e8f9ade into master Oct 20, 2026
38 of 40 checks passed
@github-project-automation github-project-automation Bot moved this from Todo to Done in AngouriMath Oct 20, 2026
@Rafael-SOWNet
Rafael-SOWNet deleted the a-power-of-x-over-a-power-of-a-quadratic-times-an-inverse-trigonometric-function branch October 29, 2026 00:43
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